What are the efficient cultivation techniques of Baiji
Do you know these? Let's learn about the efficient cultivation techniques and the experience of planting management and green plant maintenance of Baiji together.
Key techniques for efficient cultivation of Baiji
Usually, wild Baiji often grows in hills, streamsides, wetlands under forests, and other areas. It can be inferred that in the cultivation of Baiji, it is suitable to choose the backward slope or wetland area. In terms of humus content, a higher content should be ensured. In terms of soil, looseness should be ensured. In terms of drainage, convenience should be ensured. Analyzing the temperature conditions for Baiji growth, if the temperature is above 25℃, the root growth of Baiji is faster, and the tuber expansion is obvious. If the temperature is below 9℃, Baiji will enter a dormant period. If the temperature is below 0℃, the Baiji tubers are more likely to suffer frostbite and freeze to death.
1. Seedling selection
In Baiji planting, if the tissue-cultured seedlings are used for planting, the seedlings should be conditioned. Analyzing the conditioning operation, it means opening the lid of the seedling bottle, placing it under natural sunlight and ventilation conditions for about seven consecutive days to make the Baiji seedlings have good adaptability. If a certain part of the small tuber is more than 1cm, it needs to be cut off with scissors and placed in a sterile matrix, followed by the operation of rooting, using a small amount of "tissue culture seedling setting water" to make it play a role in rooting, then placing it in a shady place and performing the planting operation, using a plastic tray to make it play a role in planting. Usually, the acclimatization period of the seedlings is about 4 months, and then they can be transplanted into the field planting area. After transplanting Baiji seedlings, the key to the survival of the seedlings lies in whether the vitality of the original bulb is vigorous. If the vitality of the original bulb of Baiji seedlings is strong, the survival rate can reach 95%.
2. Land preparation and planting
According to the growth habits of Baiji, it should be planted in a warm and shady environment, ensuring good soil looseness, high humus content, and good drainage. Before planting Baiji, the land should be turned over and mixed with compound fertilizer and matured farm manure, 75kg and 1700kg respectively, and leveled. Before planting seedlings in the field, it is necessary to till the land again to ensure that the land is finely raked and leveled, and make a high ridge with a width of about 130cm. In Baiji planting, holes should be opened according to the row spacing, usually 15cmx20cm, and the depth of the holes is generally 10cm. Around Qingming Festival every year, the planting of Baiji seedlings can be carried out. For mature tubers, they can be divided into several small tubers, ensuring that each Baiji small tuber has a new tender bud, then wrapping the tuber wound with wood ash. After that, for Baiji pseudobulb buds, they should be placed facing up at the bottom of the holes, with three placed in each hole in a triangular shape. After planting Baiji, cover the soil operation should be done, ensuring a fine soil thickness of 3-4cm, followed by watering the seedlings with thin ripe manure water, and covering a layer of soil to make it level with the ridge.
3. Field management
3.1 Cultivation and weeding
In Baiji planting, it is easy to grow weeds and weeding should be done. In the first two years of Baiji planting, the weeding frequency should be 4-6 times a year. When the tender leaves of Baiji seedlings emerge from the ground, they should be observed at any time and weeded manually. Generally, in mid-April, a thorough weeding operation should be carried out. From the end of May to early June, a weeding and top-dressing operation should be carried out. Before September, the Baiji planting field should have 2-3 weeding operations. In the third year of Baiji planting, the number of weeds in the field will generally decrease significantly, and 2-3 weeding operations should be carried out. In the fourth year of Baiji planting, 1-2 weeding operations should be carried out. In the process of planting Baiji, the use of chemical herbicides should be prohibited, as these herbicides often contain toxic and harmful substances, which are not conducive to the maturity of Baiji tubers and can even cause tuber poisoning, leading to a significant reduction in yield and quality.
3.2 Top-dressing and irrigation
According to the growth habits of Baiji, a fertile growth environment should be provided for Baiji. Therefore, in Baiji planting, timely top-dressing operations should be done, choosing ripe farm manure and ensuring a fertilization frequency of 2-3 times. At the same time, once a month, a solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the Baiji leaves. Generally, after August, if weeding operations are to be carried out, topsoil can be applied to the farm manure according to the top-dressing needs and pressed into the ridge surface to allow Baiji to fully absorb nutrients and promote the germination and expansion of the tubers. During the dormant period of Baiji, attention should be paid to avoiding the growth of field weeds.
According to the growth habits of Baiji, a humid growth environment should be provided for Baiji. Therefore, in Baiji planting, the moisture of the soil should always be maintained, and irrigation should be done during dry periods. In summer, soil moisture evaporates seriously, and water should be poured in the morning and evening. Analyzing common diseases of Baiji roots, it should include root rot, which usually occurs during heavy rains. Therefore, during heavy rains, timely drainage operations should be carried out to ensure that the drainage ditches are unobstructed.
3.3 Disease and pest control
In Baiji planting, the main pests include ground beetles, mole crickets, etc. Generally, from the end of March to early April, weeding operations should be done in time for field weeds to achieve the removal of larvae and pupae. In the seedling stage of Baiji, ground beetle pests are more likely to occur, and these pests eat Baiji tubers, which will severely affect the growth of Baiji. Therefore, for ground beetle pests, frequency vibration insecticidal lamps can be used to lure and kill adult insects. Before Baiji grows new leaves, poison soil should be prepared and sprinkled on the Baiji planting field to kill larvae. The proportion of the poison soil should be 50% phoxim emulsion 0.5kg, mixed with an appropriate amount of water, and mixed with 150kg of fine soil by喷拌. During the control period, a 90% crystal敌百虫 solution can be used for ground spraying. In Baiji planting, the main diseases include black spot disease, root rot, etc. For these diseases, a prevention-oriented approach should be taken. Generally, during the rainy season, the incidence of root rot is higher. Therefore, in the Baiji planting field, drainage operations should be done. From May to August, that is, the onset period of root rot, Baiji tubers will show a brown color at the beginning of the disease, followed by local rot and even wither and die. At the beginning of root rot, 100-150ml of Olike-Qingku Likelike can be used, combined with 30ml of garlic oil, sprayed regularly once, every three days, for 2-3 consecutive times. For black spot disease in Baiji planting, 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 1000 times solution can be sprayed on the Baiji leaves for prevention and control.
In summary, Baiji grows well in a warm and humid environment, has tolerance for shade, but poor cold resistance, and the intensity of sunlight should not be too high. In the field of traditional Chinese medicine, the common variety of Baiji is the large white three-petal purple Baiji, which can be chosen as the seed source, and planting methods such as Baiji tuber division and Baiji tissue culture seedlings can be used. Analyzing the growth cycle of Baiji, it is generally 3-4 years. If tuber planting is used, Baiji will have three pseudobulbs in two years and split into six pseudobulbs in the next year, and with the splitting of Baiji pseudobulbs, the yield of Baiji can be doubled.
The introduction of efficient cultivation techniques of Baiji and the full introduction of understanding Baiji planting management and management are provided for everyone to learn and understand!