Common Organic Fertilizer Composting and Usage Methods
If you want to learn about the basics of flower cultivation, such as the composting and usage methods of common organic fertilizers, the following is an introduction by the editor for everyone.
Organic fertilizer composting has a relatively strong odor, so it is not suitable for indoor operations. If conditions allow for outdoor operations, you can place a few pieces of orange peel in the composting container to reduce the smell:
1. Cake Fertilizers: Sesame seed residue, soybean cakes, peanut cakes, cottonseed cakes, and rapeseed cakes contain a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. After composting, they are acidic fertilizers, suitable for acidic soil flowers. When applied dry, the fertilizer releases slowly, and when applied in water, it can be used as a fast-acting fertilizer. Therefore, it can be used as a top dressing or a base fertilizer, but cake fertilizers should not be used at the time of sowing, as the decomposition in the soil can produce various organic acids, which are harmful to seed germination and seedling growth. The composting process should be fully matured, using sealed containers, jars, or bottles. However, when using jars and bottles, they should not be sealed tightly to prevent the gas produced during composting from causing the containers to burst. The composting time is 2-3 months, depending on the temperature. When applying, dilute the clear liquid with 20-30 times water for灌溉, and after removing the clear liquid, more water can be added for continued composting.
2. Poultry Manure: Poultry manure, such as chicken and duck droppings, is an important source of phosphorus fertilizer and also contains a high nitrogen content, making it suitable for ornamental fruit flowers. It should also be composted for about two months before use, and can be used as a base or top dressing.
3. Rice Washing Water: Rice washing water contains the necessary phosphorus, nitrogen, and trace elements for plant growth, especially a rich amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus promotes the differentiation of flower buds and is beneficial for the formation of flower buds. However, rice washing water cannot be applied directly, as it will ferment in the soil, producing heat that can burn the roots and breed pests. Use a small amount of water when washing rice to increase the concentration of the rice washing water, then place it in a sealed container or jar for fermentation for 15-20 days before use. Dilute with a small amount of water when applying. Rice washing water has an acidic reaction after composting, making it particularly suitable for tropical plants such as camellias, gardenias, osmanthus, and jasmines. These plants often show yellow leaves in the north due to neutral or slightly alkaline soil, which prevents the roots from absorbing iron. Regularly watering with rice washing water can effectively prevent iron deficiency.
4. Iron Sulfate Fertilizer Solution: This solution is made by mixing ferrous sulfate (black vitriol), organic fertilizer, and water. It is effective for watering acidic soil flowers and can prevent yellowing of the leaves. Preparation method: 1 kilogram of water, 50-100 grams of cake fertilizer or hoof pieces, and 30-50 grams of ferrous sulfate are mixed in a container. After fermenting for one month, dilute the clear liquid with 10 times water for use. The soil watered with this solution will have a slightly acidic reaction. The preparation method is to mix 5 parts of mature cake fertilizer, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, and 200-300 parts of water.
5. Hoof Meal: Animal hooves and horns belong to this category and mainly contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The fertilizer effect varies depending on the application method. It can be applied directly to the bottom of the pot or near the edge of the flower pot, slowly releasing the fertilizer effect for about a year. It can also be composted in a sealed jar or tank to make a fast-acting organic fertilizer.
6. Animal Internal Organs: Animal internal organs can be processed by composting. Find an empty area outdoors, dig a pit, and bury them in the soil, adding some pesticides. After a few months, they can become an efficient organic fertilizer, mixed with potting soil or used as a base fertilizer.
7. Bone Meal Fertilizer: Bone meal fertilizer is rich in phosphorus and is a slow-release fertilizer. It is best mixed with other organic fertilizers before composting and is commonly used as a base fertilizer. It can enhance the strength and quality of the plant stems.
This article provides a comprehensive introduction to the composting and usage methods of common organic fertilizers, hoping to bring some knowledge about green plants to green plant enthusiasts.