How to Manage Home-Grown Grapes
For many girls, the management of home-grown grapes and detailed explanation of key points in grape cultivation techniques are related experiences in flower planting. The following provides a detailed introduction.
Grapes are the most common and famous fruits originally from Western Asia, and one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins and wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which has a calming effect on pregnant women. Let's introduce the grape cultivation management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes thrive in warm conditions. They start to bud when the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, so they are usually planted in spring. The most suitable temperature range for new shoots is between 20-30 degrees Celsius; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growth period can affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes require plenty of light to promote photosynthesis and ensure plant quality. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight for more than 14 hours, and not less than 12 hours, otherwise, it can negatively affect the differentiation of flower buds and fruit quality, as well as the fruit yield in the following year.
3. Water
Different growth stages of grapes have different water requirements. In the budding stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should be 50%, or else it can lead to blossom drop; in the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive moisture can cause fruit rot, affecting fruit quality. Additionally, drainage should be managed during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes are not very picky about soil and have strong adaptability. They can grow in sandy, loamy, or clay soils. The optimal pH range for soil is between 6-7.5. It is best to choose well-drained, loose sandy soil with a higher elevation for planting grapes.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages have different fertilizer needs, and the amount of fertilizer should be adjusted based on the fertility or poverty of the soil. In the early growth stage, the content of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the nitrogen content.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing extra buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Removing extra buds should be done early, during the budding stage, to reduce nutrient loss. When the fruiting branches can be identified, prepare for determining the main branches, adjusting according to the variety's growth habits. Pinching the growing tips should be done before flowering to minimize nutrient loss, improve fruit setting rate, and retain the appropriate number of inflorescences based on the yield ratio. Additionally, after harvesting the fruit, remove old, weak, and diseased leaves to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions, and promote fruiting the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after the fruit has set. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags, prune before bagging, remove diseased and malformed fruits, spray some fungicides, and secure the bags with wire. Prepare to remove the bags half a month before the fruit ripens by first opening the bags and then removing them a week later.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases affecting grapes. The principle of disease control is to detect and treat early. Observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when you find plants infected with diseases, treat them promptly.剪除 infected branches and leaves immediately, burn them to avoid further infection, and then spray effective fungicides like Bordeaux mixture or carbendazim on the fruit trees. Additionally, improve the plant's growing environment by enhancing ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above is a detailed introduction to the management of home-grown grapes and the detailed explanation of grape cultivation techniques. Did you get it?