How to Plant Grapes
The editor will tell you about the knowledge of planting grapes and the techniques and management of grape cultivation in the field of green plants and flowers. Next, the editor will answer your questions in detail.
Grapes are the most common and famous species originally from Western Asia and are one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes can not only be eaten fresh but also dried into raisins or made into wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which has the effect of calming the fetus and stopping vomiting for pregnant women. Next, let's introduce the grape cultivation management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm conditions and will germinate when the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for the growth of new shoots is 20-30 degrees Celsius; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growth period can affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy sunlight, and adequate light can promote photosynthesis in the plants, ensuring their quality. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight exposure for more than 14 hours, and it should not be less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be detrimental to the differentiation of flower buds and also affect the quality of the fruit and the yield of the following year.
3. Water
Different growth stages of grapes have different water requirements; during the germination stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should be 50%, or else it will lead to blossom and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality. Also, drainage should be managed during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it is sandy soil, loam, or clay, grapes can grow. The optimal pH value for the soil should be controlled between 6-7.5, and it is best to choose well-drained, loose sandy soil for planting grapes on higher ground.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages require different fertilizers, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted based on the fertility or infertility of the soil. In the early growth stage, the content of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the content of nitrogen fertilizers.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the shoots. Bud removal should be done early, during the germination stage, to remove excess weak buds and reduce nutrient loss; when fruiting branches can be identified, it's time to prepare for shoot determination, which should be adjusted according to the growth habits of the variety; pinching should be done in the early flowering stage to minimize nutrient loss and increase the fruit-setting rate. Also, the number of inflorescences should be reserved according to the yield ratio. After harvesting the fruit, old, weak, and diseased leaves should be cut to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after fruit setting. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags and prune first before bagging, removing diseased and deformed fruits and spraying some fungicides before securing the bags with wire. Two weeks before the fruit ripens, prepare to remove the bags by first opening them and then removing them a week later.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of disease control is to detect and treat early. It is necessary to observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when plants are found to be infected, they should be treated promptly. Upon detecting these diseases, infected branches and leaves should be cut and burned to prevent further infection, and effective drugs such as Bordeaux mixture and carbendazim should be sprayed on the fruit trees. Additionally, it is important to improve the growth environment by enhancing ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above sharing about how to plant grapes and a comprehensive introduction to grape cultivation techniques and management are provided for green plant enthusiasts, hoping to bring some related knowledge about green plants.