The Leaf Shape and Characteristics of Chinese Rose
This article introduces the leaf shape and characteristics of Chinese roses, as well as related knowledge about the features of Chinese roses. Detailed introduction is as follows:
Chinese roses belong to the "Rosaceae" family, and roses are a group of evergreen hybrid varieties that are popular due to their vibrant colors among many flower enthusiasts.
They have been cultivated in China for more than two thousand years. Their flowers are the main ancestors of modern Chinese roses and are also a major source of new rose varieties in Western Europe.
This study will use 15 different Chinese roses from Nanyang Botanical Garden to observe and analyze their micromorphological structures to compare the diversity and differences in leaf shapes among different varieties, providing a theoretical basis for the identification and classification of Chinese rose varieties.
Materials and Methods
The materials used in the experiment were fresh leaves of 15 garden-type Chinese roses collected from the Nanyang Rose Exposition Garden. The collected Chinese rose leaves were washed clean with distilled water, then dried on the experimental table, fixed with FAA fixative, and stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for further testing.
This study attempted to use two methods: direct epidermis tearing and nail polish print, to microscopically observe the leaf surface for optimal experimental results.
The direct epidermis tearing method involves using a dissecting needle to pick out the upper and lower leaf surfaces, then tearing them with forceps and placing them on a slide, covering them with a cover slip, and observing them under 10x and 40x optical microscopes.
Nail polish print method: Apply transparent nail polish to the upper and lower epidermis of the leaves, let it dry, then tear the upper and lower epidermis using the nail polish print method, lift one end with a dissecting needle, and use forceps to prepare temporary slides from the samples obtained.
Using 10x and 40x microscopes, the arrangement of epidermal cells, pattern of periclinal walls, presence or absence of glandular or non-glandular trichomes, type of stomata, stomatal length-diameter ratio, and stomatal position were observed and analyzed for various Chinese rose varieties.
Under a 40x microscope, select 5 fields with high clarity, photograph and store them using Nikon image software, measure the stomatal length-diameter ratio under a 0.5mm² leaf epidermal field with a micrometer, and calculate the average.
Experimental Results
After observing and analyzing the stomata, it was found that the stomata were mainly distributed on the lower epidermis. The epidermal cell shapes, periclinal wall patterns, lower epidermis stomatal types, lower epidermis stomatal length-width ratios, and lower epidermis stomatal apparatus shapes of 15 Chinese rose varieties were compared and analyzed.
The main leaf epidermal morphological characteristics of grandiflorous roses, climbing roses, mini roses, and ground cover roses were described in order, as shown in Table 1.
The Leaf Shape and Characteristics of Chinese Rose
Electronic Watch Chinese Rose: The upper epidermis is pentagonal, perpendicular to the walls, without stomata and epidermal hairs, the lower epidermis is irregular in shape, perpendicular to the walls, and almost circular without hair.
There are not many stomatal apparatuses, the shape is irregular, and they cannot be distinguished from the normal epidermis. The stomatal apparatus has a circle of outer edges, and the shape is elongated oval; compared to the epidermis, the guard cells are horizontally distributed, and the T-shaped cuticular zone shows bipolar thickening.
Pink Peace Chinese Rose: The upper epidermis is square, the pattern of perpendicular walls is approximately flat, without stomata, the lower skin is irregular in shape, the pattern of perpendicular walls is deep and shallow wavy, without cuticle.
There are many groups of stomatal apparatuses with a radial shape, and the external epidermis has distinct annular patterns; compared to the epidermis, the guard cells are horizontally distributed, and the T-shaped cuticular zone shows bipolar thickening.
Jestajoie Chinese Rose: The upper and lower epidermal cells are irregular in shape, with deep wavy periclinal wall patterns, and no epidermal hairs were found.
There are many irregular stomatal apparatuses with distinct annular edges; the guard cells associated with the epidermis are convex at their location, characterized by two small and thin cuticular layers at the poles.